With the July 2026 deadline for US agencies to finalise the implementation of the GENIUS Act approaching, we examine five of the world’s most consequential stablecoin regimes, the United States, United Kingdom, Singapore, Hong Kong and Japan. While these jurisdictions have largely aligned on what constitutes stablecoin, none has yet delivered a commercially scalable market. The real contest has shifted to access, distribution, commercial viability and control—factors that will determine who builds the next generation of payment infrastructure.